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Technology Innovation Spotlight Report
References
- National Research Council. 2015. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
- Diamond, M. S.: Detection of large-scale cloud microphysical changes within a major shipping corridor after implementation of the International Maritime Organization 2020 fuel sulfur regulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8259–8269, 2023.
- Paul Voosen, 08/02/2023. "Ship fuel rules have altered clouds and warmed waters". Science, 381, 6657, Pp. 467-468.
- Dimensions.ai. 'Solar Geoengineering' in Publications.
- Ken Caldeira, Govindasamy Bala, Long Cao. "The Science of Geoengineering", Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 2013 41:1, 231-256, May 2013
- Lizzie Burns, David Keith, Peter Irvine, Joshua Horton. Ed. Bogdan Belei. “Technology Factsheet Series: Solar Geoengineering” Paper, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, June 2019.
- IPCC, 2012: Meeting Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Expert Meeting on Geoengineering [O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, C. Field, V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, Q. Dahe, J. Minx, K. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S. Schlömer, G. Hansen, M. Mastrandrea (eds.)]. IPCC Working Group III Technical Support Unit, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany, pp. 99.
- Chad M. Baum, Sean Low, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Between the sun and us: Expert perceptions on the innovation, policy, and deep uncertainties of space-based solar geoengineering, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 158, 2022, 112179, ISSN 1364-0321.
- OSTP. (2023). Congressionally Mandated Research Plan and an Initial Research Governance Framework Related to Solar Radiation Modification. Office of Science and Technology Policy, Washington, DC, USA.
- David Keith. 11/12/2021. “Toward constructive disagreement about geoengineering: A shared taxonomy of concerns may help.” Science, 374, 6569, Pp. 812-815.
- James Temple. "This technology could alter the entire planet. These groups want every nation to have a say….", MIT Technology Review, 17 April 2023
References
- Andrae, A.S., & Edler, T. (2015). On global electricity usage of communication technology: trends to 2030. Challenges, 6(1), 117-157.
- Andrae, A. S. (2020). New perspectives on internet electricity use in 2030. Engineering and Applied Science Letters, 3(2), 19-31.
- Barroso, L. A., & Hölzle, U. (2007). The case for energy-proportional computing. Computer, 40(12).
- Costenaro, D., & Duer, A. (2012). The Megawatts behind Your Megabytes: Going from Data-Center to Desktop. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.
- Koomey, J.G. (2008). Worldwide electricity used in data centers. Environmental Research Letters, 3(034008).
- Koot, M., & Wijnhoven, F. (2021). Usage impact on data center electricity needs: A system dynamic forecasting model. Applied Energy, 291(116798).
- Lacoste, A., Luccioni, A., Schmidt, V., & Dandres, T. (2019). Quantifying the Carbon Emissions of Machine Learning. arXiv Preprint, arXiv:1910.09700.
- Mittal, S. (2019). A Survey of Techniques for Improving Energy Efficiency in Embedded Machine Learning Systems. arXiv Preprint, arXiv:1904.10462.
- Mysore, M., Woetzel, J., & Gupta, S. (2022). Investing in the Rising Data Center Economy. - McKinsey & Company.
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2017). The Uniform Methods Project: Methods for Determining Energy Efficiency Savings for Specific Measures. - National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2022). 2022 Standard Scenarios Report: A U.S. Electricity Sector Outlook. - National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
- Patterson, D., et al. (2022). The Carbon Footprint of Machine Learning Training Will Plateau, Then Shrink. - Google & University of California-Berkeley.
- PJM Resource Adequacy Planning Department. (2022). 2023 Load Forecast Supplement. PJM Resource Adequacy Planning Department.
- Raizada, A., & Singh, K. (2020). Worldwide energy consumption of hyperscale data centers: a Survey. International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub, 02(11).
- Shehabi, A., Smith, S. J., Sartor, D., Brown, R. E., Herrlin, M., Koomey, J., ... & Lintner, W. (2016).
- United States data center energy usage report. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA.
- Shehabi, A., Smith, S. J., Masanet, E., & Koomey, J. (2018). Data center growth in the United States:
- decoupling the demand for services from electricity use. Environmental Research Letters, 13(124030).
- Statista. (2023). Data Center Market in the United States - Statistics & Facts. - Statista.
- Strubell, E., Ganesh, A., & McCallum, A. (2019). Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 3645–3650.
- U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2020). Annual Energy Outlook 2020 with Projections to 2050. - U.S. Energy Information Administration.
- U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2022). Annual Energy Outlook 2022 with Projections to 2050. - U.S. Energy Information Administration.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2023). Tailpipe Greenhouse Gas Emissions for a Typical Passenger Vehicle. - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2018). Quantifying the Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
- Zodhya, T. (2023). How Much Energy Does ChatGPT Consume? - Medium.